Fig.1. Temperature--salinity--density in the non-glacial ocean.

GRAPH CALCULATOR
TEMPERATURE Degrees C	SALINITY Parts per Thousand
ENTER	ENTER
-2 to +40	28 to 40
*DENSITY as SIGMA-T (rho - 1)1000**

Graph Reader set for Net 4.7. For other Browsers, reset Max-Min boxes using values from Pixel reader.

GRAPH READER
TEMPERATURE deg. Celsius	Density as Sigma-T
SALINITY parts per thousand	Density gm/cm^3

PIXEL READER		Graph Settings (RESETABLE)
Pixel X	Pixel Y	Min X	Min Y	Max X	Max Y

WATER MASSES:
EQW = equatorial water --low-salinity high-temperature water formed at equator;
STW = subtropical water formed as mixture between EQW and SMW;
SMW = salinity maximum water--high-salinity water formed at mid-latitudes in winter (modern analog: 18°C Water; Worthington, 1959);
SSW = shelf-sea water--high salinity water (modern analog:
MW = Mediterranean Water);
SMBW = salinity maximum bottom water. See IW identified below
HLW = high-latitude water--low-salinity water,
HLWa for temperatures greater than 5°C and no sea ice formation at 33.5 ppt,
HLWb for temperatures less than 5°C and greater than sea ice freezing point, climatic boundary near 5°C (modern analog: Antarctic Intermediate Water):
IW = transitional water--mixture of HLW and SMW (modern analog: Central Water):
HLDW = high-latitude deep water (modified from Wilde and Berry, 1982, p. 213).